Exposure to Violence & Crime

This includes how often you encounter conflict, violence, and illegal activity in your community.

Click the links below to learn more about how this is a harm

Violence

American Psychological Association's "Violence and Socioeconomic Status"

Connects having lower socioeconomic status to being exposed more to violence

National Library of Medicine's "Community Stress, Psychological Hazards, and EPA Decision-Making in Communities Impacted by Chronic Technological Disasters"

Provides case studies that show a relationship between higher stress levels and health problems

City of Oakland's "Oakland Community Stressors Index"

Looks at stress statistics in Oakland and how they can cause negative health effects

Healthy People's "Crime and Violence"

Discusses how exposure to crime and violence not only can cause physical injuries in the moment but mental health problems afterward

Crime

Youth.gov's "Adverse Effects"

Talks about the impact of gangs on communities

Office of Policy Development and Research's "Neighborhoods and Violent Crime"

States that violent crimes hurts the whole community and shows that minority groups are more likely to be exposed to crime

* Drug Enforcement Administration's "National Drug Threat Assessment"

Presents the threat that the U.S. faces do to an array of different drugs being dealt

The United States Department of Justice's "About Violent Gangs"

Defines what makes a group a gang and what they do

ACLU's "School-to-Prison Pipeline"

Looks at the increasing amount of kids that go to jail after leaving school and explains how they are trying to better this